自2018年非洲豬瘟（African swine fever，ASF）傳入中國(guó)以來(lái)疫情得到了有效控制。但2021年以后，我國(guó)的ASF流行情況出現(xiàn)了新的變化，臨床中出現(xiàn)了“自然變異株”。這些毒株可能導(dǎo)致感染后臨床癥狀不典型，容易與其他疫病混淆等問(wèn)題。這與國(guó)外的流行演變規(guī)律一致，即當(dāng)ASF在一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)流行較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后，其臨床表現(xiàn)將由急性發(fā)病轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榫徛l(fā)病或出現(xiàn)新的臨床表現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過(guò)多年的觀察積累，國(guó)外已經(jīng)對(duì)該病毒的流行規(guī)律特別是自然弱毒株的演變進(jìn)程有了大量記載，但國(guó)內(nèi)目前尚無(wú)這方面的描述。為此，就ASF自然弱毒株的演變進(jìn)程進(jìn)行綜述，從而提出加強(qiáng)血清學(xué)診斷產(chǎn)品研發(fā)、加快產(chǎn)業(yè)化報(bào)批進(jìn)程、適時(shí)開(kāi)展血清學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)追溯等建議，以期為我國(guó)ASF科學(xué)防控提供參考。
An Overview of Evolution Concerning Natural Attenuated Strains of ASFV
The outbreak of African swine fever（ASF）has been effectively controlled since African swine fever virus（ASFV）was introduced into China in 2018. But its prevalence has changed since 2021，that is，“natural variants”are clinically emerging. The strains may cause atypical clinical symptoms，and could be confused with other animal diseases. All of which is consistent with the evolution rule in other countries，that is，when ASF is prevalent in a country or region for a long time，its clinical symptoms will transfer from acute morbidity to slow occurrence or new symptoms are emerging. The prevalence rule of the virus，especially the natural attenuated strains，has been largely documented in other countries，except China. Therefore，the evolution process of the natural attenuated strains was summarized in the paper，and some suggestions were hereby put forward，such as further developing serological diagnosis products，speeding up the approval process for industrialization as well as carrying out serological surveillance and tracing as appropriate，with a view to providing some references for scientific prevention and control of ASF in China.
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