重組在RNA病毒中很常見，但有關重組的許多關鍵問題目前尚無法解釋。本文主要針對RNA重組的發(fā)生機制及其影響因素，解釋重組頻率發(fā)生變化的原因，闡述RNA重組未來仍需解決的問題。RNA重組是RNA病毒特殊的遺傳信息交換方式，其頻率在不同的RNA病毒中顯著不同。目前，研究者普遍認為重組發(fā)生的機制可分為復制型、非復制型重組以及重配，并且借助新方法和新技術，逐漸了解了影響該過程的病毒和細胞因子。有研究表明，RNA病毒中RNA的重組和重配率非常高，這與RNA依賴性RNA聚合酶（RdRp）的保真性相關。因此，深入了解病毒重組機制并發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的規(guī)律，可實現(xiàn)對新型病毒以及新疫情的預警預報，從而有預見性地控制疫病的發(fā)生和流行。
Recombination and the Mechanism of RNA Viruses
Recombination is widely observed in RNA viruses，but many key issues therein could not be explained till now. In the paper，the reasons for the change of recombination frequency were explained based on RNA recombination mechanism and the influencing factors，and relevant issues to be addressed in the future were stated. RNA recombination was a special way to exchange genetic information by RNA viruses，with different frequency in various RNA viruses. At present，it was generally believed by researchers that，the mechanism of recombination could include replication，non-replication and reassortment，and the viruses and cytokines that might affect the process were gradually recognized with the help of new methods and technologies. It was studied that the recombination and reassortment rate of RNA were extremely high in RNA viruses，which was related to the fidelity of dependent RNA polymerase（RdRp）. Therefore，the new virus or outbreak could be early warned and reported through further recognition of the mechanism and rules of virus recombination，so as to control the occurrence and prevalence of animal diseases in a predictable way.
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